While the outstanding reputation of the Hungarian-born pianist Lili Kraus was built on a comparatively narrow repertoire of Viennese classics (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert), her experience as a musician and as a human being was of extraordinary breadth.
A pupil of such towering figures as Béla Bartók, Zoltán Kodály and Artur Schnabel, she made an international career from the age of 18, becoming a professor at the Vienna Conservatory at the age of 20, and over the years she lived in Europe (Austria, Italy, UK, Germany, France) and the USA – where she died in 1986, having given her final concert in 1982– but also in New Zealand, Australia and South Africa.
It was while touring Indonesia in 1943 that she and her family were captured by Japanese forces, and she subsequently spent three years in prison camps, where studying her repertoire in her head helped her to survive hard labour. As she said: “Stimulating unsuspected resources of courage, my faith and the music vibrating in me saved me. That energy would never leave me again.” She relaunched her career after the War in Australasia, before returning to Europe (1948) and then moving to South Africa for a period. In the 1950s, she spent much time in France and moved for a time to London, but finally settled in the US in 1967.
Her long recording career spanned the eras of the 78, the mono LP and the stereo LP. All the recordings in this 31-CD anthology date from a 25-year period on either side of World War II – 1933-1958. In addition to many solo recordings, they document her collaboration with two major violinists who had led great European orchestras: in Mozart, Beethoven and Haydn with the Polish-American Simon (Szymon) Goldberg, who spent four years as leader of the Berlin Philharmonic before ostracisation by the Nazis, and in Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert with Willi Boskovsky, famed for his association with the Vienna Philharmonic. In 2006, Gramophone, affirming the durability of her achievement, wrote: “Her superb playing in various violin sonatas by Beethoven and Mozart set standards that have not been matched since the 1930s,” In addition to works by Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and Schubert, the anthology includes music by Chopin, Brahms and Bartók.
This collection gathers together all the recordings Kraus made for three separate labels – Parlophone, Ducretet-Thomson and Discophiles Français. 80% of them have never before been made available on CD in Europe, and all tracks have been re-mastered in 24 BIT / 96 kHz, which represents a significant gain in audio quality over any previous releases.
The New York Times’ critic Harold C. Schonberg described Lili Kraus as ”a pianist with taste, skill and heart”. In an interview in 1969 she spoke thus of her approach to her art: “In the really great works of music even a scale has something to say. And I assure myself the luxury of playing only the great works of music … A great interpretation must go far beyond not only the instrument but the music itself, and great music tries to manifest nothing less than the cosmos. This cosmos includes all that exists: the music of the spheres in all its appearances, whether water, wind, bird noise, storm, lightning, thunder, or the sweetest rustling of the leaf. Great composers like Bach, Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven, of course, had such fine perception, and heard these things within themselves so clearly, that they could give them immortal form.”
Mozart: Piano Sonatas 1-18
Mozart: Zwölf Variationen in Es-Dur über das französische Lied ‘La belle Francoise’ K353 (300f)
Mozart: Fantasia in C minor, K396
Mozart: Fantasia in D minor, K397
Mozart: Fantasia in C minor, K475
Mozart: Sechs Variationen in F-Dur über die Arie ‘Salve tu, Domine’ aus der Oper I filosofi immaginarii (Giovanni Paisiello) K398 (416e)
Mozart: Variations (8) on ‘Come un’agnello’ from Sarti’s Fra i due litiganti, K460
Mozart: Clarinet Trio in E flat major, K498 “Kegelstatt-Trio”
Mozart: Rondo in A minor, K511
Mozart: Adagio in B minor, K540
Mozart: Gigue in G Major, K574
Mozart: Minuet in D major, K355
Mozart: Adagio and Rondo K617 for flute, oboe, viola, violoncello & glass harmonica
Mozart: Violin Sonatas
Mozart: Quintet for Piano and Winds in E flat, K452
Mozart: Divertimento (Piano Trio) in B flat, K254
Mozart: Triosatz in D – K442
Mozart: Piano Trio No. 1 in G major, K496
Mozart: Piano Trio No. 3 in B flat major, K502
Mozart: Piano Trio No. 4 in E major K542
Mozart: Piano Trio No. 5 in C major, K548
Mozart: Piano Trio No. 6 in G major K564
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K271 “Jeunehomme”
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K466
Haydn: Piano Sonata No. 32 in G minor, Hob.XVI:44
Haydn: Piano Sonata No. 31 in A flat major, Hob.XVI:46
Haydn: Piano Sonata No. 53 in E minor, Hob.XVI:34
Haydn: Piano Sonata No. 59 in E flat major, Hob.XVI:49
Beethoven: Violin Sonatas Nos. 1-10
Beethoven: Piano Sonata No. 17 in D minor, Op. 31 No. 2 ‘Tempest’
Beethoven: Piano Sonata No. 21 in C major, Op. 53 ‘Waldstein’
Beethoven: Piano Sonata No. 30 in E major, Op. 109
Beethoven: Eroica Variations, Op. 35
Brahms: Variations on a theme by Schumann in F sharp minor, Op. 9
Brahms: Rhapsody in B minor, Op. 79 No. 1
Brahms: Intermezzo in E flat major, Op. 117 No. 1
Brahms: Capriccio in B minor, Op. 76 No. 2
Brahms: Intermezzo in E major, Op. 116 No. 4
Brahms: Intermezzo in B flat minor, Op. 117 No. 2
Brahms: Rhapsody in E flat major, Op. 119 No. 4
Haydn: Piano Sonata No. 62 in E flat major, Hob.XVI:52
Schubert: Sonata (Sonatina) for violin & piano in D major, D384 (Op. posth. 137 No. 1)
Schubert: Sonata (Sonatina) for violin & piano in A minor, D385 (Op. posth. 137 No. 2)
Schubert: Divertissement à la Hongroise D818
Schubert: Variations in B flat major, D968A (D603)
Schubert: Six Polonaises, D824
Schubert: Sonatina (Sonatina) in G minor, D408 (Op. posth. 137 No. 3)
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 17 in C major, K296
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 25 in F major, K377
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 26 in B flat major, K378
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 27 in G major, K379
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 31 in C major, KV 404 (unfinished)
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 28 in E flat major, K380
Mozart: Violin Sonata No. 33 in E flat major K481
Mozart: Piano Sonata No. 14 in C minor, K457
Mozart: Fantasia in C minor, K475
Mozart: Piano Sonata No. 14 in C minor, K457
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 9 in E-flat major, K271 “Jeunehomme”
Mozart: Piano Sonata No. 13 in B flat major, K333
Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 18 in B flat major, K456
Mozart: Rondo in D major, K485
Mozart: Variations (10) in G major on Gluck’s ‘Unser dummer Pöbel meint’, K455
Mozart: Adagio in B minor, K540
Haydn: Piano Trio No. 40 in F sharp minor, Hob.XV:26
Haydn: Piano Trio No. 43 in C Major, Hob.XV:27
Haydn: Piano Trio No. 45 in E flat Major, Hob.XV:29
Haydn: Andante & Variations in F minor, Hob.XVII:6 (Sonata – un piccolo divertimento)
Beethoven: Violin Sonata No. 2 in A major, Op. 12 No. 2
Beethoven: Violin Sonata No. 5 in F major, Op. 24 ‘Spring’
Beethoven: Violin Sonata No. 6 in A major, Op. 30 No. 1
Beethoven: Eroica Variations, Op. 35
Beethoven: Violin Sonata No. 9 in A major, Op. 47 ‘Kreutzer’
Beethoven: Violin Sonata No. 10 in G major, Op. 96
Mozart: Rondo alla Turca from Piano Sonata No. 11, K331
Chopin: Waltz No. 14 in E minor, Op. post., KKIVa:15, B 56
Schubert: Piano Sonata No. 14 in A minor, D784
Schubert: 12 Waltzes, D145 (selection)
Schubert: 12 Valses Nobles, D 969 Op. 77: selection
Schubert: Impromptu in B flat major, D935 No. 3
Schubert: Impromptu in E flat major, D899 No. 2
Schubert: Piano Sonata No. 16 in A minor, D845
Chopin: Impromptu No. 2 in F sharp major, Op. 36
Chopin: Prelude Op. 28 No. 4 in E minor
Bartók: Romanian Folk Dances for piano, Sz. 56, BB 68
Bartók: 3 Rondos on Slovak Folk Tunes, BB 92, Sz. 84
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